Daylight in Architecture

Different spaces have different characteristics where it is related with the implementation of the daylight.But what is Daylight? By Daylight I mean the practice of placing windows,skylight and reflective surfaces so that sunlight directly or indirectly can provide effective internal lightning.We perceive such architectural spaces with the help of texture.Light helps us to understand the texture because light provide shadows and shadows makes visible the texture. Light have psychological effects on people .For example :Back in time light was used by the Nazis in various experiments by torturing people and consequently they lost their memory.Rasmussen has exemplified 3 main methods of using Daylight in architectural space like:
-The bright open hall- where the light comes from all the sides.In some cases this cause a lack of shadows.In the moment we have a lack of shadows we can not understand the details on texture.But this can be solved by locating the furniture in another way to create some shadows.
-The room with a skylight- when light comes from the top.Sometimes the skylight is not so good because the light is too much diffused to produce the shadows necessary to see forms and texture clearly and easily.
-The room with the light entering from the side- this light is the traditional that we are using.This light in large areas gives light somewhere in the middle and the spaces that are near to the wall are not well lead .We can not understand whats going on there.This kind of light gives us some borders inside the building it defines a space itself.Light is another medium to define space.After learning these kind of lights categorized by Rasmussen can we say that exist ‘an excellent light’?
The answer has been found in the saw-tooth roof ,high side lights which produce an excellent in all parts of the room. By ‘excellent light’ we dont mean only much light.Important is the quality of light and not quantity.When we have a high quality of light we can say that we have achieved the excellent light.

Relief Composition

Designing a 2D composition

Designing a 2D repeat pattern(friend's shapes)

Designing a 2D repeat pattern

Designing a 2D Organization

Designing a 2D Organization

Designing a 2D Organization in a Bounded Area

Designing a 2D Organization in a Bounded Area II (pair share)

Designing a 2D Organization in a Bounded Area II

Designing a 2D Organization in a Bounded Area

Scale and Proportion

In Architecture when we talk about scale and proportion, we are talking how the individual parts of the composition or project relate to each other,to the size of human body and its contextual scale.
In my opinion Scale allows us to understand the relationship between a drawing,project or composition and reality.
As we learned Scale refers to how we judge the size of something compared to a reference standard or to the size of something else.We may speak of the scale of a piece relative to a person or by looking something.By other words Scale can be categorized in human scale and visual scale.I agree with Steen about visual scale that can relate in how small or large something appears to be in relation to its normal size and also human scale,where the human body is a reference point used for measurement.
I think Proportion  is find as relative size of parts of the whole.The proportions of an object are the dimensions od width,length ,height and relationship between them.A number of theories of 'desirable' proportions have been developed in the course of history as follows:
-Golden Section- use of this section in a composition brings in a natural balance and visual harmony
-Regulatoring Lines- or Guide Lines help us to regulate our design
-Classical Orders- this are used by disgners of the classical period
-Rehaissance Theories- places emphasis on symmetry,proportion,geometry and the regularity of parts
-Modular- is an anthropometric scale of proportions devised by Le Corbusier
-Anthropometry- human body gives us clues how some spaces should be design

Perceptual Bases for Architectural Design

Architectural Statements
Good architecture are those buildings which contain communication in themselves and express them gently and elegantly.Architecture itself is a statement.Everyone has is own style.The way how we approach to the materials,compositions.In the Architecture Mode of Communication are included
;vision,temperature,humidity,sound, texture.All of this should be implented properly.If we want ourselves to communicate such kind of image we have to select properly those modes.Then we should select the tehnique that we're going to use.If any architectural form is not thought as a total misleading or irritating information.As the building form develops in the design process the architect most evaluate the appropriateness and success of the visual stimulus or visual communication.
The Source of Architectural Statements
This are 6 main sources that architecture use to communicate to state something:

• The Building Program(room shapes,sizes,who uses the space and for how long, equipment,environment control)
• Building type like schools,hospitals,houses etc
• Site- means technical information concerning the site potential  facility,soil bearing capacity etc
• The Architect's Style- its another way of communicating and statement.Style is the distinctive qualities of form given a project that allow us to group projects as representatives of an individual's efforts.
• Environmental and Behaviour Studies- researches on human behavior and the environment are important sources for architectural statements that architects can predic behavior on space as it designed
• Building Technology- technology has advanced and the design can be faster,cheaper

Visual Ordering Technique

• Proximity Diagramming: is an analysis technique that is useful in generating a preliminary sense of the building's potential form.It has 2 hierarchies: -scale of the different spaces of the diagram and the location of the elements
• Signs and Symbols- are used in Architecture to focus the attention of building on space within the building
• Gestalts is how our mind plays in organizing or grouping distant things that are related
• Center of Gravity- the relationship of the parts to the center
• Configuration-when our mind simplifies the visual element in order to understand
• Similarity-objects form,color are grouped to show similiarity
• Proximity-relate two dissimilar objects by placing them near each other
• Symmetry-produces visual groupings within other grouping
• Figure ground- figures on the background
• Patterns-the elements of a pattern repeat in a predictable manner.
• Closure and good continuation-visual competition of incomplete object
• Form Reproduction-reproduce the rest of the image from memory
• Vignettes-images of spaces that have emotional connotation
• Archetypes-specific patterns

Design Objectives:

1. Maintaining the desired hierarchies between the parts of the building
2. Maintain clearly the expression in the design
3. Developing interest and enjoyment in the design
4. To mesh the concerns of hierarchy,clarity,and interest with the requirements of physical enclosure

Surface Texture

Types of design in various Arts

Types of design are classified in: visual,auditory.audiovisual.

• Visual - a)visual static surface design(2D)(not moving).Main components are:lines,colors,texture.Can be presented on a flat,curves,surface.Here are included:

1. Strip design: long and narrow, extended,lengthwise:.Developed by addition or by division of the units as heraldic strip.Conventional types:wave,egg,dart.A flat design in 3D give illusions of solidity, depth.
2. Bounded area design: This is limited within 2 given 2D area and it usually related internally  to the size and shape of the area marked off. Types:flat(paintings),3D(sculptural reliefs).
3. Allover design: Is unbound in 2D with a tendency to indefinite repetition in 2D and 4 directions.A common feature is to arrange the unite on 2 coordinate intersecting systems of lines and not doing a single main axisis as usual in strip designs(spot,strip)

     -b)visual static solid design  This type is 3D presented ,it has considerable extent in thickness or depth as well as in length and breadth.

1. Exterior design; as in architecture when viewed from outside
2. Interior design: surrounding or partly surrounding the observer as when is inside a building
3. Combination of two: As in the connection between exterior and interior designs in the cathedral
4. Intermediate; Between surface and solid design is sculptural relief which varies as to the amount of 3D development.

    -c) visual mobile temporally developed design

1. Mobile surface design:present thematic development in time as well as change and motion sequence 2D
2. Mobile solid design:present solid figures in 3D

• Auditory- is presented in more or less determinate temporal sequence

1. Musical design: is based on thematic development of rhythm,timber using instrument ,human voices
2. Word sound design: is presented when literature is spoken thus it resemble to music
3. Verbal musial design: a combination of musical and word-sound

• Audiovisual - involves some temporal change because of the evanescence of sound

1. Audiovisual surface design: mobile visual patterns combined with music,word sound or both.
2. Audiovisual solid design: the combinationof mobile solid patterns with auditory ones.